The Dynamics of Teachers’ Instruction in Nepali Classrooms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.25412Keywords:
Instruction-giving, ESL or EFL, language, strategiesAbstract
Regardless of the significant role of instruction-giving in EFL classrooms in achieving lesson goals, some research in Nepal explores its impact on classroom efficiency and student participation. This paper intends to bridge this research gap by assessing the instructional strategies of English teachers. Conducted in Nepal, the research observed 15 English teachers during their lessons to assess their instruction-giving techniques. Using a mixed-methods approach, data was collected through classroom observations and analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Findings reveal that repetition, board writing of key points, and demonstrations effectively reinforce instructions and aid comprehension. However, challenges remain in optimizing instruction delivery. The paper highlights the need for professional development programs that emphasize repetition, language simplification, visual aids, and demonstrations. These findings can inform teacher training modules, ultimately enhancing classroom management and student learning outcomes. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on instructional strategies in Nepal’s EFL/ESL classrooms.
References
Amin, M. Y. M., & Rahimi, A. (2018). Challenges Faced by Novice EFL Teachers. International Journal, 5(1), 149-166.
Angulo, J. C. L. (2023). The Importance Of Instruction-Giving To Better Students’ Performance Of Class Activities In English Lessons. Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, 7(3), 3449-3464. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v7i3.6419 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v7i3.6419
Asaro-Saddler, K., & Saddler, B. (2010). Planning instruction and self-regulation training: Effects on writers with autism spectrum disorders. Exceptional Children, 77(1), 107-124. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440291007700105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001440291007700105
Bhandari, B. L., & Bhandari, S. (2024). English Language Teaching Problems in Nepal: Teachers’ Perspectives. Journal of NELTA, 29(1), 141-155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/nelta.v29i1.72642
Creswell, J. (2011). Educational Research Planning: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. Pearson.
Dang, T. M. T., & Nguyen, T. M. C. (2024). Impacts of EMI Courses on English Language Proficiency: Students’ Voices. International Journal of Language Instruction, 3(4), 134–159. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.24348 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.24348
El, K., Abderrazak. (2019). Giving effective instructions in EFL classrooms. International Journal for Innovation Education and Research, 7(1), 74–92. https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss1.1286 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss1.1286
Esparrago-Kalidas, A. J., Manla, E., Agot, X. J., Blanco, L. C., Carrasco, N., & Frasco, M. R. (2023). Verbal instructional modeling: An intervention to improve students' perceived level of confidence in critical thinking skills. International Journal of Language Instruction, 2(2), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.23223 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.23223
The Fascinating Cultural Diversity of Nepal: Exploring the Ethnic Groups. (2019). Hop Nepal, https://www.hopnepal.com/blog/the-fascinating-cultural-diversity-of-nepal-exploring-the-ethnic-groups
Graham, S., Karen, R., & Harris, L.M. (2005). Improving the Writing performance, knowledge, and self-efficacy of struggling young writers: The effects of self-regulated strategy development. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 30(2), 207-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2004.08.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2004.08.001
Harmer, J. (2007). How to teach English. Pearson Longman. Retrieved from https://ia800801.us.archive.org/31/items/HowToTeachEnglish/How%20to%20Teach%20English%20Harmer%2C%20Jeremy.pdf.
Hayati, A. R., Afriani, Z. L., & Akbarjono, A. (2021). Teacher’s Teaching Strategies in EFL Class. Jadila: Journal of Development and Innovation in Language and Literature Education, 1(3), 330-341. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52690/jadila.v1i3.126
Heng, D., Pang, S., & Em, S. (2023). Challenges of teaching mixed-ability EFL classes: A study of two private schools. PROJECT (Professional Journal of English Education), 6(3), 591-604.
Holmes, J. (2014). The Structure of Teachers’ Directives. In Language and communication. Routledge, 101-128.
Lam, R. (2014). Understanding EFL Students' Development of Self-Regulated Learning in a Process-Oriented Writing Course. TESOL Journal, 6(3), 527-553. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesj.179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tesj.179
Liruso, S. M., & de Debat, E. V. (2003). Giving Oral Instructions to EFL Young Learners. 2003. Retrieved from https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146568930
Ly, C. K. (2024). Teachers’ Roles on English Language Teaching for Promoting Learner-Centered Language Learning: A Theoretical Review. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 4(2), 78-98. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.24425 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.24425
Magno, C., & Lizada, G. (2015). Features of Classroom Formative Assessment. Educational Measurement and Evaluation Review, 6, 23–31.
Malik, C., Mahmud, M., Anshari, A., & Salija, K. (2020). EFL teachers’ strategies in teaching english at Kampung Inggris Pare, Kediri, Indonesia. Asian EFL Journal, 27(3.1), 165-192.
Margaretha, E. (2015). Teacher’s problems in giving instruction for elementary students of Bethany School [Doctoral dissertation, Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris FBS-UKSW].
Nguyen, L. A. P., & Nguyen, T. H. B. (2024). A Study on Adult Learners of English as A Foreign Language in Vietnam: Motivations, Advantages, and Challenges. International Journal of Language Instruction, 3(1), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.24313 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.24313
Oktavia, D., Mukminin, A., Marzulina, L., Harto, K., Erlina, D., & Holandyah, M. (2022). Challenges and strategies used by English teachers in teaching English language skills to young learners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 12(2), 382-387. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1202.22
Pandey, S.B. (2020). Englishes in Nepal. World Englishes, https://doi.org/10.1111/weng.12490 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/weng.12490
Riwayatiningsih, R. (2024). Teachers’ Language Use in EFL Classroom Interaction: A Qualitative Study Analysis in Indonesia Settings. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 50(6), 133-141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2024/v50i61400
Rose, H., & Montakantiwong, A. (2018). A tale of two teachers: A duoethnography of the realistic and idealistic successes and failures of teaching English as an international language. RELC Journal, 49(1), 88-101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0033688217746206
Scrivener, J. (2005). Learning teaching (Vol. 2). Macmillan Oxford.
Şen, Y. U. (2021). Instruction giving practices in EFL classes. Retrieved from https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=vi&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=sen+instruction+giving+practice+in+EFL+classes&btnG=
Sherma, A. B. (2024). Incorporating Interaction into Teaching Writing Essays in the EFL/ESL (L2) Setting. Journal of Modern Educational Research, 3(11), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.53964/jmer.202401 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53964/jmer.2024011
Sherma, A. B. (2023). Process of Perfection Method and Its Adaptability in EFL Classrooms of Nepal. Journal of English Teaching, 9(3), 335-349. https://doi.org/10.33541/jet.v9i3.5178 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33541/jet.v9i3.5178
Sowell, J. (2017). Good Instruction-Giving in the Second-Language Classroom. English Teaching Forum, 55(3), 10-19. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1156495.pdf
Spratt, M., Pulverness, A., & Williams, M. (2005). The TKT course: teaching knowledge test. Cambridge University Press.
Teng, L.S., & Zhang, L.J. (2019). Empowering learners in the second/foreign language classroom: Can self-regulated learning strategies-based writing instruction make a difference? Journal of Second Language Writing, 48, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2019.100701. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2019.100701
Weinstein, C. S., & Andrew, J. M. (2007). Elementary Classroom Management: Lessons from Research and Practice. McGraw-Hill Education.
Timsina , L. N. (2021). Challenges of teaching English as a foreign language in Nepal. Researcher: A Research Journal of Culture and Society, 5(1), 68-82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/researcher.v5i1.41522
Woodberry, R. D., & Aldrich, H. E. (2000). Planning and running effective classroom-based exercises. Teaching Sociology, 28(3), 241–248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1318993
Wulandari, E. (2017). Classroom English: Giving Instructions and Classifying. StudyLib, 1-9. Retrieved from https://studylib.net/doc/12674867/classroom-english--giving-instructions-and-classifying-ab.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ashim Rai, Devi Prasad Pokharel

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The copyright of all articles published in the International Journal of Language Instruction (ijli) remains with the Authors, i.e. Authors retain full ownership of their article. Permitted third-party reuse of the open access articles is defined by the applicable Creative Commons (CC) end-user license which is accepted by the Authors upon submission of their paper. All articles in the ijli are published under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, meaning that end users can freely share an article (i.e. copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt it (i.e. remix, transform and build upon the material) on the condition that proper attribution is given (i.e. appropriate credit, a link to the applicable license and an indication if any changes were made; all in such a way that does not suggest that the licensor endorses the user or the use) and the material is only used for non-commercial purposes.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository, in a journal or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.