Using Apology Strategies in Letters by EFL Students at University of Foreign Language Studies – The University of Danang

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.22121

Keywords:

Apology strategies; direct apology strategies; indirect apology strategies; letters of apology; second-year students.

Abstract

The act of apologizing in communicative activities is one of the elements of speech acts. Therefore, selecting and using appropriate apology strategies could possibly create effective communication. The article investigates apology strategies used in letters written in English by second-year students at the Faculty of English, University of Foreign Languages, The University of Danang (UFLS-UD). Regarding the aim to identify apology strategies, the frequency of direct and indirect apology strategies, descriptive qualitative methods with the support of quantitative information were employed and based on the data from 282 letters of apology which were collected from 04 EFL classes in the academic school year 2021-2022. The article provides readers with a deep insight into apology strategies and assists EFL learners in understanding and using appropriate apology strategies in specific communicative situations.

Author Biography

Ngo Thi Hien Trang, University of Foreign Language Studies – The University of Danang, Vietnam

NGO Thi Hien Trang has more than 10 years of teaching experience at the Faculty of English, UFLS-UD, Vietnam. She got her MA in 2013 and is currently a Ph.D. candidate in the English Language. Her expertise and interests include language teaching methodology and English linguistics. She has published papers in conference proceedings, WOS, and SCOPUS journals.

References

Altayari, D.R. (2017). A Sociolinguistic Study of the Speech Act of Apology by Saudi Speakers. Humanity & Social Sciences Journal, 12 (2), 37- 44.

Bataineh, R. F. (2008). A cross-cultural comparison of apologies by native speakers of American English and Jordanian Arabic. Journal of Pragmatics,40(4), 792-821.

Blum-Kulka, S., House, J., Freedle, R., & Kasper, G. (Eds.). (1989). Cross-cultural pragmatics: Requests and apologies (Vol. 31). Greenwood Press.

Cohen, A. D., Olshtain, E., & Rosenstein, D. S. (1986). Advanced EFL apologies: What remains to be learned? International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 62, 51–74.

Demeter, G. (2006). Explicit apologies in English and Romanian: A construction grammar approach. Paper presented at the 11th International Pragmatics Conference, Melbourne, Australia.

Deutschmann, M. (2003). Apologising in British English. Doctoral dissertation, Umeå universitet.

Fraser, B. (1981). On apologizing. In F. Coulmas (Ed.), Conversational Routine (pp. 259-271). Mouton de Gruyter.

Holmes, J. (1990). Apologies in New Zealand English. Language in society, 19(2), 155-199.

Holmes, J. (1995). Sex differences and apologies: One aspect of communicative competence. Readings on second language acquisition, 362-385.

Hussein, R., & Hammouri, M (1998). Strategies of Apology in Jordanian Arabic and American English. Grazer Linguistische Studien, 7(49), 37-50.

Kecskes, I. & Romero-Trillo, J. (2013). Research trends in intercultural pragmatics. Mouton de Gruyter.

Lê, P. T. (2011). Translational variation in linguistic politeness in Vietnamese: Australia and Vietnam. Doctoral dissertation, Victoria University.

Ngô Thị Hiền Trang & Lưu Quý Khương. (2022). A lexicogrammar approach to analyze response strategies to apology in English conversations. International Journal of English Language Studies, 4(1), 45-50. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijels.2022.4.1.6

Ngo, T. H. T (2022). An investigation into apology strategies and lexicogrammatical realizations of apology utterances in English conversations. International Journal of Humanities, Philosophy and Language, 5 (17), 107-120. https://doi.org/10.35631/IJHPL.517008

Ngo, T. H. T., & Luu, Q. K. (2022). Direct Direct Apology Strategies and Their Lexicogrammatical Realizations in English Conversations: Implications for EFL Students. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 2(2), 82–94. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.22225

Owen, M. (1983). Apologies and remedial interchanges: A study of language in social interaction. Mouton.

Qadoury, A. (2011). Pragmatic Transfer in Iraqi EFL Learners’ Refusals. International Journal of English Linguistics, 1(2), 166-175.

Qari, I. (2017). Politeness study of requests and apologies as produced by Saudi Hijazi , EFL learners , and British English university students. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Roehampton.

Shardakova, M. (2005). Intercultural pragmatics in the speech of American L2 learners of Russian: Apologies offered by Americans in Russian. Intercultural Pragmatics, 2(4), 423-451.

Shariati, M. & Chamani, F. (2010). Apology strategies in Persian. Journal of Pragmatics, 42(6), 1689-1699.

Sienes, M. J. V., & Catan, J. E. C. (2021). The Speech Act of Apology by Filipino Call Center Agents. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 2(1), 117–128. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.22218

Trang, N. T. H. (2017). Why and how university students apologize to their lecturers: The case of University of Foreign Language Studies, Vietnam. Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS), 2(2), 79-87.

Trosborg, A. (2011). Interlanguage pragmatics: Requests, complaints, and apologies (Vol. 7). Walter de Gruyter.

Vollmer, H.J., & Olshtain, E. (1989). The language of apologies in German. In S. Blum-Kulka & J. House & G. Kasper (Eds), Crosscultural pragmatics: Request and apologies (pp. 197-218). Albex.

Wannaruk, A. (2008). Pragmatic transfer in Thai EFL refusals. RELC Journal, 39(3), 318-337.

Downloads

Published

15-10-2022

How to Cite

Ngo, T. H. T. (2022). Using Apology Strategies in Letters by EFL Students at University of Foreign Language Studies – The University of Danang. International Journal of Language Instruction, 1(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.22121

Issue

Section

Research Article

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.